24 research outputs found
Systematic Review of the Relationship between Couple Dyadic Adjustment and Family Health
The importance of family functioning in the development of child and adult psychopathology has been widely studied. However, the relationship between partnersâ adjustment and family health is less studied. This paper aims to describe and summarize research that analyzes the relationship between partnersâ adjustment and family health. A systematic review was conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Lilacs, Psicodoc, Cinahl, and Jstor databases. Inclusion criteria were as follows: articles published from 2012 to 2019 in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Data were extracted and organized according to the family health model: family climate, integrity, functioning, and coping. Initially, 835 references were identified, and 24 articles were assessed for quality appraisal. Finally, 20 publications were selected. Results showed that couple adjustment was an important factor that triggered the emotional climate of the family, was positively intercorrelated to parenting alliance or coparenting, and contributed to family efficacy and help when facing stressful life events. Findings revealed a consensus about the relationship between couple dyadic adjustment and family health. The results could orientate interventions to promote well-being and to increase quality of life and family strength. Health professionals should thoroughly study couple relationships to identify risk factors, assess family skills, and promote family health
Probiotics as a Coadjuvant Factor in Active or Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease of AdultsâA Meta-Analytical Study
(1) Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases are pathologies of unknown etiology and auto-immune pathogenia. The use of probiotics is studied in order to increase the arsenal of treatments. The aim was to assess the efficacy of the probiotics in these diseases in the active or quiescent phases; (2) Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed by an exhaustive bibliographic search in Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were studies of more than 10 years, English/Spanish, clinical trials, and involving human beings. Relative risk was used to compare efficacy, which was meta-analyzed using a fixed effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the Higgins I2
test; (3) Results: Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and 17 in the meta-analysis, with a total of 1537 patients (nexperimental group = 762; nplacebo group = 775). There are significant remission differences in ulcerative colitis (relative risk (RR) = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.72â0.91; I2 = 32%; p = 0.16). However, no
significant differences were found in the use of probiotics for the prevention of ulcerative colitis, and
for the remission of Crohnâs disease; (4) Conclusions: There are data showing an additional beneficial
effect of probiotics on active ulcerative colitis. More and better studies are needed which assess its possible therapeutic efficacy for quiescent ulcerative colitis and for Crohnâs disease
Prevalence of Depression in Retirees: A Meta-Analysis
Background: Retirement is a final life stage characterized by the ceasing of work and the loss of a routine, social relations, role, status, accomplishments, and aspirations, etc. Many times it is accompanied by negative feelings and can provoke different psychoemotional reactions such as depression, among others. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of depression, as well as its psychoeducational approach in retirees. Methods: A paired systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted in different databases-Medline, Scopus, CUIDEN, CINAHL, LILACS and PsycINFO. Original studies were included in English, Spanish and French that were published in the last 10 years, and which approached depression in retirees. Results: A total of 11 articles were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean value of the prevalence levels of depression in retirees obtained in the meta-analysis was 28%. Depression is more frequent in retirees, with mandatory retirement, retirement due to illness, and anticipated retirement presenting higher levels of this disease. The health role in the psychoeducational approach is highlighted in 41.6% (n = 5). Conclusions: With almost one-third of retirees suffering from depression, it is necessary to implement prevention and early detection measures to approach a public health problem
Influence of Personality Traits and Its Interaction with the Phenomenon of Bullying: Multi-Centre Descriptive Study
Bullying affects thousands of teenagers worldwide and has devastating consequences.
Various studies suggest that the personality of teenagers is a risk profile for bullying. The aim of this
study was to analyse the relationship between the personality of teenagers aged 14 to 16 years from
three education centres located in the province of Seville (Spain) and bullying in any of its victim
or aggressor roles. A multi-centre cross-sectional observational descriptive study was conducted
in three education centres in the province of Seville (Spain). The sample consisted of 93 students.
In order to measure the two main variables, the Bull-S test was used for bullying, and the EPQ-J
questionnaire was used for personality traits. A descriptive and correlation analysis was performed
between variables. The results showed that 14% (n = 13) of the sample were detected as victims and
another 14% (n = 13) were detected as aggressors. Statistically significant differences were found
between neuroticism (p = 0.044; Phi = 0.615), sincerity (p = 0.016; V de Cramer = 0.474), and anti-social
behaviour (p = 0.007; Phi = 0.620) with the variables victim/aggressor. Bullies are typically males who
score high on neuroticism and anti-social behaviour, with a tendency towards social dissimulation
Rotifer biomass of two reservoirs with different trophic states (Antioquia, Colombia) and its relationship with some limnological variables
ABSTRACT: Rotifers biomass was evaluated across longitudinal and vertical axes of the photic zone in the La Fe y Riogrande II reservoirs (Antioquia), Colombia, with different trophic states during periods of high and low precipitation. IN addition, its relationship with temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency, nutrient availability, and phytoplankton biomass was analyzed. In both reservoirs, rotifer biomass was dominated by Asplanchna girodi De Geurne, 1888, and it was significantly higher in the reservoir with a lower trophic state. Even though rotifers biomass did not exhibit a longitudinal gradient, a vertical zonation in the photic zone was documented, with the greatest biomass at 10% and 1% of light intensity. Patterns of variation in total rotifer biomass and in dominant species biomass appear to be determined primarily by the entry of suspended solids into the reservoir with the higher trophic state, and by phytoplankton biomass and density in the reservoir with lower nutrient levels. Contrary to expectations, rotifer biomass was not favored by increasing trophic state. The most important factor determining rotifer biomass was the quality of food resources in each reservoir.RESUMEN: Se evaluoÌ la variacioÌn de la biomasa de rotiÌferos en los ejes longitudinal y vertical de la zona foÌtica de los embalses La Fe y Riogrande II (Antioquia), Colombia, con diferentes estados troÌ cos, durante los periodos de alta y baja precipitacioÌn. AdemaÌs, se analizoÌ su relacioÌn con las variables temperatura, oxiÌgeno disuelto, pH, transparencia, nutrientes y con la biomasa toplanctoÌnica. La biomasa de rotiÌferos fue dominada por Asplanchna girodi De Geurne 1888, en los dos embalses y fue significativamente mayor en el embalse de menor trofiÌa. Aunque la biomasa de rotiÌferos no mostroÌ un gradiente longitudinal significativo, siÌ presentoÌ zonacioÌn vertical dentro de la zona foÌtica, con mayor biomasa en el 10 y 1% de incidencia lumiÌnica. Los patrones de variacioÌn de la biomasa total de rotiÌferos y de las especies dominantes estuvieron determinados principalmente por el ingreso de soÌlidos suspendidos en el embalse de mayor trofiÌa y por la biomasa y la densidad del toplancton en el embalse con menos nutrientes. A diferencia de lo esperado, la biomasa de los rotiÌferos no fue favorecida por condiciones de mayor estado troÌ co, ya que el factor preponderante sobre la expresioÌn de biomasa fue la calidad de los recursos alimenticios en cada embalse
Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout in Midwives: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
The prevalence of burnout in midwives has been briefly studied. Given the negative
effects of burnout syndrome in the physical and mental health, and also related to the quality of
care provided, rates of absenteeism and sick leave; identifying related factors for the syndrome
are needed. The aim was to determine the prevalence, levels, and factors related to the burnout
syndrome, measured with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in midwives. A systematic review
and meta-analysis were selected from CINAHL, LILACS, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO,
and Scopus databases, with the search equation âburnout AND (midwife OR midwives OR nurses
midwives)â. Fourteen articles were found with a total of 8959 midwives. Most of the studies showed
moderate levels of personal burnout. The prevalence obtained was 50% (95% CI = 38â63) for personal
burnout; 40% (95% CI = 32â49) for work-related burnout; and 10% (95% CI = 7â13) for client-related
burnout. Midwivesâ age, less experience, and living alone constitute the main related factors, as well
as, the scarcity of resources, work environment, and the care model used. Most midwives present
personal and work-related burnout, which indicates a high risk of developing burnout. Personal
factors and working conditions should be taken into account when assessing burnout risk profiles
of midwives
An Explanatory Model of Potential Changes in Burnout Diagnosis According to Personality Factors in Oncology Nurses
Burnout in a hospital oncology service takes place when there is a high level of interaction
between nurses and patients. The aim of the present study is to identify models that will
enable us to accurately classify a person at a given level within each of the three dimensions
of burnout, according to the values presented for personality related explanatory variables, for
a sample of 96 oncology nurses working in the regional health service of Andalusia (Spain).
A quantitative, crosscutting, multicentre, descriptive study was designed, and for this purpose
data on sociodemographic and personality variables and on the three dimensions of burnout were
compiled. Three categorical-response logit ordinal models were used and the prognostic ratios
for each level were obtained, with respect to every other level, according to possible changes in
the explanatory variables considered. Certain personality factors are associated with one or more
dimensions of burnout syndrome. Thus, nurses are more likely to develop high levels of burnout
if they present high levels of neuroticism and low levels of friendliness and responsibility. Further
research in this field is needed to confirm and extend these findings.This research was funded by Excellence Research Project P11HUM-7771 (Junta de AndalucĂa, Spain)
and by Research Project mP_BS_6 (CEI BioTic Granada and Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciĂłn, Spain)
Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study
The correlation between the burnout syndrome and sociodemographic variables in nursing
professionals has been widely studied though research results are contradictory. The aim of this study
was to assess the impact of gender, marital status, and children on the dimensions of the burnout
syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) in nursing
professionals, as measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The search was performed in May
2018 in the next databases: CINAHL, CUIDEN, Dialnet, Psicodoc, ProQuest Platform, OVID Platform,
and Scopus with the search equation (âMaslach Burnout Inventoryâ OR âMBIâ) AND ânurs*â,
without using any search restriction. The sample was n = 78 studies: 57 studies for gender; 32 for
marital status; 13 for having children. A statistically significant relation between depersonalization
and gender (r = 0.078), marital status (r = 0.047), and children (r = 0.053) was found. A significant
relation was also found between emotional exhaustion and children (r = 0.048). The results showed
that being male, being single or divorced, and not having children were related to the highest levels
of burnout in nurses. Moreover, these relations could be accentuated by the influence of moderator
variables (age, seniority, job satisfaction, etc.), which, in combination with the previously mentioned
significant relations, should be evaluated in the design burnout risk profiles for nursing professionals.This work was funded by the Excellence Research Project P11HUM-7771 and the Research Project mP_BS_6
Burnout in Palliative Care Nurses, Prevalence and Risk Factors: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Palliative care nurses are exposed to hard situations, death, and duel feelings in their daily practice. These, and other work stressors, can favor burnout development. Thus, it is important to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of burnout in palliative care nurses and estimate its prevalence. A systematic review and meta-analysis was done with quantitative primary studies. n = 15 studies were included with n = 6 studies including information for the meta-analysis. The meta-analytic prevalence estimation of emotional exhaustion was 24% (95% CI 16â34%), for depersonalization was 30% (95% CI 18â44%) and for low personal accomplishment was 28% with a sample of n = 693 palliative care nurses. The main variables related with burnout are occupational variables followed by psychological variables. Some interventions to improve working conditions of palliative care nurses should be implemented to reduce burnout
Levels of Burnout and Risk Factors in Medical Area Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study
Research findings concerning burnout prevalence rate among nurses from the medical area
are contradictory. The aim of this study was to analyse associated factors, to determine nurse burnout
levels and to meta-analyse the prevalence rate of each burnout dimension. A systematic review, with
meta-analysis, was conducted in February 2018, consulting the next scientific databases: PubMed,
CUIDEN, CINAHL, Scopus, LILACS, PsycINFO and ProQuest Health & Medical Complete. In total,
38 articles were extracted, using a double-blinded procedure. The studies were classified by the level
of evidence and degrees of recommendation. The 63.15% (n = 24) of the studies used the MBI. High
emotional exhaustion was found in the 31% of the nurses, 24% of high depersonalisation and low
personal accomplishment was found in the 38%. Factors related to burnout included professional
experience, psychological factors and marital status. High emotional exhaustion prevalence rates,
high depersonalisation and inadequate personal accomplishment are present among medical area
nurses. The risk profile could be a single nurse, with multiple employments, who suffers work
overload and with relatively little experience in this field. The problem addressed in this study
influence the quality of care provided, on patientsâ well-being and on the occupational health
of nurses.This research was funded by Junta de Andalusia-Spain, Excellence Research Project (P11HUM-7771)